#3 What miraculous experience is attributed to him? However, as with similar saints, his following has remained strong over time, and he remains an important figure for a large segment of believers that look to the saints for protection in this life. His commemoration was described to be not of Roman tradition, in view of the relatively late date (about 1550) and limited manner in which it was accepted into the Roman calendar,[18] but his feast continues to be observed locally. The presence of Christ within us is the great gift of the Sacrament of Baptism and it is nurtured through the gift of the Eucharist. However, local and popular tradition has still maintained a devoted following for this saint throughout the centuries. Isaiah 40:31, "He will cover you with His feathers and under His wings you will find refuge." He was eventually martyred during the reign of the Emperor Decius, sometime between 249 and 251. Saint Christopher is the patron saint of travelers. The content produced by YourTango is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. You may unsubscribe from Bible Gateways emails at any time. Saint Christopher, (flourished 3rd century; Western feast day July 25; Eastern feast day May 9), legendary martyr of the early church. The name originated in ancient Greece, where it was used to refer to someone who helped others cross rivers on foot. Like countless Christians over the centuries, they had a notion that Christopher was the saint of travelers and that it was good to have him around, but thatseemed to beas far as their devotion to St. Christopher extended. Please grant me courage and protection. Romans 14:1 community. With God was laid the cornerstone of the martyrdom of Saint Christopher in the third indiction in the month of May under the Consulate of the illustrious Protogenes and Asturius under the Emperor Theodosius II and Bishop Eulalios of Chalcedon. Scholars judge the association with cynocephaly as more likely. Those who believe are transformed by the love to which they have opened their hearts in faith (Pope Francis in Lumen Fidei). He came across a band of marauders, one of whom declared himself to be the devil, so Christopher decided to serve him. Psalm 23:4, "I will never leave you or forsake you." [29], It has also been speculated that this Byzantine depiction of St. Christopher as dog-headed may have resulted from a misreading of the Latin term Cananeus, 'Canaanite' as caninus, that is, 'canine'. And, in this sense, every Christian is a Christopher who carries the Christ in their hearts, making him present through our acts of kindness and love. The inscription reads:[5]. What is the female version of Christopher? Because St. Christopher offered protection to travelers and against sudden death, many churches placed images or statues of him, usually opposite the south door, so he could be easily seen. "fish bread" will search for verses that contains fish OR bread in minumum 1 bible version. Emily Francos is a writer who covers astrology, pop culture, and relationship topics. The name Christopher is said to have come from the Greek word Christophoros, which means bearer of Christ.. We come to see the difference, then, which faith makes for us. Please st. Christopher help me to drive with confidence, and take away any anxiety. Please keep my family and loved ones safe in travel and please let us not hurt others. When someone claiming to be the devil expressed fear of Christ, Reprobus looked for Christ. WebNephis vision in The Book of Mormon clearly shows that a man among the GentilesColumbuswas led by the Holy Spirit to make his voyage of discovery. Help us continue to bring the Gospel to people everywhere through uplifting and transformative Catholic news, stories, spirituality, and more. When Jacob tried to quietly move his family away from I like this verse because it reminds you that He is always with you and He will take away all of your stress and worries. Matthew 19:26, "I will fear no evil for you are with me." Finally, consider what the Bible teaches about wearing any religious symbol. Then the child vanished. Websearch for verses that contains any of the search words. There appears to be confusion due to the similarity in names "Decius" and "Daia". The beloved story of St. Christopher carrying the Christ-Child across the river is found in the Golden Legend (a collection of lives of the saints written by Blessed James of Voragine around the year 1260). Saint Christopher is the patron saint of travellers, drivers, sailors, storms and gardeners. WebOval St. Christopher Necklace Medal in Solid Sterling Silver With Jewelry Gift Set. Others do not believe that saints can intercede on behalf of the living when they die. Saint Christopher pray for us. Hebrews 13:5, "My health may fail and my spirit may grow weak, but God remains the strength of my heart; He is mine forever." Please log in again. Carry me safely to my destined place, like you carried Christ in your close embrace. After a person has died, their life is investigated by an official expert authorized by the Church. The child then vanished. My parents are Catholic believers. who told him to offer his allegiance to Christ, instructed him in the Faith, and baptized him. Christopher himself is now believed to be only a legendary figure, but his story continues to inspire many around the world. Lat. Fitted Feet The enemy wants to keep the people of God quiet. This inscription attests to the veneration of Christophorus in the 5th century in Chalcedony and, consequently, the existence of Christophorus, who probably in the period of the Great Persecution in the 4th century suffered the martyrdom. His feast is kept on July 25; among the Greeks, on March 9; and his emblems are the tree, the Christ-child, and a staff. "[31] It was commonly accepted at the time that there were several types of races, the Cynocephalus, or dog-headed people, being one of many believed to populate the world. Various attempts failed, but finally Christopher was beheaded. He specifically protects against lightning and pestilence, and it is believed that he also intercedes for several common physical ailments. The name Christopher is derived from the Greek word Christforos, meaning bearer of Christ. It is composed of two Greek elements Christs (Christ) and phero (to bear, carry). Today, when many people hear his name, their initial response is: I thought he wasnt a saint anymore. This is an unfortunate mistake and certainly not true. #6 What is his patronage? Therefore, he is the patron saint of travelers, and small images of him are often worn around the neck, on a bracelet, carried in a pocket, or placed in vehicles by Christians. That is why, in the He is the patron saint of travelers, especially those driving cars. The construction of this church, erected in honour of Saint Christopher, lasted from May 450 to Sept 22nd 452, where the consecration and dedication took place. Christopher. Christopher male forename. St Christopher a legendary 3rd-century Christian martyr, adopted as the patron saint of travellers, since it is said that he once carried Christ in the form of a child across a river; he was traditionally a giant, and is often shown as such in art, carrying the Christ-child on his shoulder. St. Christopher is recognized as one of the fourteen Holy Helpers. WebAccept the one whose faith is weak, without quarreling over disputable matters. Once this is proven, the Pope may canonize this person as a saint through a public proclamation. However, the legend has ingrained itself so thoroughly throughout the church that he remains one of its greatest champions and figures. While serving the king of Ca For places named for the saint in various languages, see, Such a "Unit of the Marmaritae" suggests an otherwise-unidentified "Marmaritae", perhaps the same as the Marmaricae, Carl Maria Kaufmann: Handbook of Early Christian Epigraphy Herder, Freiburg i. 1917, page 391(, Carl Maria Kaufmann: Handbook of Early Christian Epigraphy Herder, Freiburg i. 1917, page 391 f, Louis Duchesne: Inscription chrtienne de Bithynie | In: Bulletin de correspondence hellnique, Volume 2, 1878, 289-299, Dr. Werner Chrobak: Christophorus, Heiliger Riese, Nothelfer, Verkehrspatron | Sadifa Media Verlags GmbH | Kehl am Rhein 2004, p. 2. It is believed that he watches over and intercedes for those that travel, protecting them from danger and illness. The child replied: "You had on your shoulders not only the whole world but Him who made it. St. Christopher is still recognized as a saint, though his feast day no longer appears on the Churchs universal liturgical calendar. Did the Church declare that St. Christopher is a myth. Christbearer), a martyr, probably of the third century. Although St. Christopher is one of the most popular saints in the East and in the West, almost nothing certain is known about his life or death. Go, said Jesus, your faith has healed you.. To prove his statement the child ordered Christopher to fix his staff in the ground. Their initial report is submitted to the bishop of their diocese and further investigation is performed. Bible Commentary Bible Verses Devotionals Faith Prayers Coloring Pages Pros and Cons, Matthew 6:34 Meaning of Do Not Worry about Tomorrow, 50 Biblically Accurate Facts About Angels in the Bible, 50 Most Profitable Youth Group Fundraising Ideas for Your Church, 250 Ice Breaker Questions for Teen Youth Groups, 25 Important Examples of Pride in the Bible, Why Jesus Wept and 11 Lessons from His Tears, 25 Different Ways to Worship God and Praise the Lord. He found a hermit that taught him about Christianity. It would be hard for me, as I know it is for others. Hebrews 12:1), Christopher is probably one of the least understood saints, especially in these decades after the Second Vatican Council. Actually, there is some debate as to whether or not his life and ministry should instead be attributed to St. Menas, an Egyptian saint. Once upon a time, a thief and robberand a giantknown as Christopher (or, as he was originally named) was a fierce man who dedicated his life to seeking out the most powerful prince to serve. Keep the blessings of our Lord and Saint Christopher with you when you travel. He was born at Bayeux, Gaul, at noble parents. The idea conveyed in the name, at first understood in the spiritual sense of bearing Christ in the heart, was in the twelfth or thirteenth century taken in the realistic meaning and became the characteristic of the saint. 2023byTango Publishing Corporation All Rights Reserved. However, in 1969, as part of an effort to simplify and update the Churchs liturgical calendar, St. Christophers commemoration on July 25 was removed from the Missal. The one verse that I know I would maybe consider would be Psalm 46:10. Dear Saint Christopher, protect me today in all my travels along the roads way. Amen. Whether overtly believing or simply superstitious, he nonetheless features prominently in characters who seek a happy end to their endeavors. When the hermit suggested fasting and prayer, Christopher replied that he was unable to perform that service. Give your warning sign if danger is near so that I may stop while the path is clear. Theodosius II died two months after construction began. After passing up earthly kings, he sought out the devil upon learning that man feared him. Widely dispersed into other languages and cultures from the Greek, many native forms of Christopher are used both to refer to the saint and as a personal name. Articles like these are sponsored free for every Catholic through the support of generous readers just like you. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. According to the legendary account of his life Christopher was initially called Reprobus. Once upon a time, a thief and robberand a giantknown as Christopher (or Reprobus as he was originally named) was a fierce man who dedicated his life to seeking out the most powerful prince to serve. At first, he believed this was the devila being feared by menbut, he eventually came to believe that Christ was the greatest of all princes. When many conventional means of execution miraculously failed, Christopher was finally beheaded. Then for the year 553 a bishop of Arkadiopolis in Lydia is testified, who had taken the name Christophorus. He bound himself successively to a mighty king and to Satan, but he found both lacking in courage, the former dreading even the name of the devil, and the latter frightened at the sight of a cross by the roadside. He is one of the saints from a group called the Fourteen Holy Helpers. Bible Verses About A Mans Character. Epics about the life and death of Saint Christopher first appeared in Greece in the 6th century and had spread to France by the 9th century. All materials are posted on the site strictly for informational and educational purposes! This is due in large part to a medieval legend in which the saint carries the Christ Child over a river. Genesis 2:7, "And she laughs without fear of the future." According to the legendary account of his life Christopher was initially called Reprobus. #9 Is St. Christopher unique? Were does the name Christopher come from? The inscription also bears witness to the chronological dates from the laying of the foundation stone to the consecration of the church; the construction of this Christophorus church dates back exactly to the time of the Fourth Ecumenical Council, the Council of Chalcedon. His name is invoked in films, songs, and literature in many formats. The story of Jesus' life as told by the apostle John, narrated by Christopher Plummer. This excited the rage of the king (prefect) of that region (Dagnus of Samos in Lycia?). The name Christopher means "Christ bearer." Web(Greek christos, Christ, pherein, to bear.Latin Christophorus, i.e. Psalms 3:5, RELATED: 15 Faith Bible Quotes For When You Feel Distant From God, "With God all things are possible." christos, Christ, pherein, to bear. His name means Christ-bearer, which reflects the story told of him that he carried the child Jesus across a river. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. In this blog, I want to share with you my thoughts on how the Catholic faith affects our lives. Christopher took the place of the hermit but instead of guiding travelers to safe places, he would carry them across the river. In 1517, a St. Christopher temperance society was established in Krain; a similar society existed in Carinthia, Styria, in Saxony, and at Munich. Two women married to men of God kept family idolsRachel and Michal. This prayer card and necklace will be the perfect devotional to take with you as you travel. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. BEST VALUE in digital Bible study. [9] In recent decades the Church has removed the feast days of obscure saints from the universal liturgical calendar, but the saints still remain saints, and their feast days may still be observed by parishes bearing their name and by those with a continuing devotion to the saint. St. Christopher is the Patron Saint of certain professions and even places, but he is best known as the Patron Saint of travel. Bible Verses About A Healthy Marriage. Bible Verses About A Man. Christopher, therefore, would "carry Christ" in his heart until martyrdom, just like the donkey that carried Christ to Jerusalem on Palm Sunday. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Proverbs 3:5, "When you go through deep waters I will be with you." Christopher is the patron saint of many places, including: Baden, Germany;[9] Barga, Italy; Brunswick, Germany;[9] Mecklenburg, Germany;[9] Rab, Croatia; Roermond, the Netherlands; Saint Christopher's Island (Saint Kitts); Toses, Catalonia, Spain; Mondim de Basto, Portugal; Agrinio, Greece; Vilnius, Lithuania; Riga, Latvia; Havana, Cuba; San Cristbal, Dominican Republic; Paete, Laguna, Philippines; and Tivim, Goa, India. The login page will open in a new tab. Psalms 93:5, "For I know the plans I have for you plans 2 prosper you and not 2 harm you, plans 2 give you hope & a future." The miracle converted many. Saint Christopher (Greek: , Hgios Christphoros) is venerated by several Christian denominations as a martyr killed in the reign of the 3rd-century Roman emperor Decius (r.249251), or alternatively under the emperor Maximinus Daia (r.308313). It is formed from the word elements (Christs, 'Christ'), and (phrein, 'to bear'), together signifying, "Christ bearer". But, unlike previous editions (which recounted some of the fantastic details surrounding his life and martyrdom), the most recent edition of the, The beloved story of St. Christopher carrying the Christ-Child across the river is found in the, (a collection of lives of the saints written by, around the year 1260). Instead, there is gaiety and gladness, It says Be still, and know that I am God.. The oldest picture of the saint, in the monastery on Mount Sinai dates from the time of Justinian (527-65). Web2 Corinthians 5:17New International Version. Psalm 13:26, "But later you will understand." WebThe Gospel of John is a 2003 epic film that recounts the life of Jesus according to the Gospel of John. Venezuelan migrant thanks God, recounts journey through dangerous jungle to U.S. The king ordered him to be killed. During the crossing, the river became swollen and the child seemed as heavy as lead, so much that Christopher could scarcely carry him and found himself in great difficulty. Our website services, content and products are not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. In 1386 a brotherhood was founded under the patronage of St. Christopher in Tyrol and Vorarlberg, to guide travellers over the Arlberg. 17Therefore, if anyone is in Christ,(A) the new creation(B) has come:[a] The old has gone, the new is here!(C). Fourteen saints were considered particularly effective at interceding for those experiencing the effects of the disease, and they have since been revered as powerful intercessors for believers. 2 Corinthians 5:17 in all English translations, NIV, Verse Mapping Bible, Comfort Print: Find Connections in Scripture Using a Unique 5-Step Process, NIV, Biblical Theology Study Bible, Comfort Print: Follow Gods Redemptive Plan as It Unfolds throughout Scripture, NIV, The Woman's Study Bible, Full-Color, Red Letter: Receiving God's Truth for Balance, Hope, and Transformation, NIV, The Story: The Bible as One Continuing Story of God and His People, NIV, Beautiful Word Bible Journal, Revelation, Paperback, Comfort Print, NIV, Story of Jesus: Experience the Life of Jesus as One Seamless Story. Saint Christopher was a man of great size and strength who devoted himself to Jesus by helping travelers cross a dangerous river. Even if you do not possess a strong Catholic faith, or believe in the advocacy and intercession of saints in heaven, you have likely heard of St. Christopher at least once in your life. Without can not be used by it self, meaning that it has to be minimum one more condition included (all/at least one,etc) The Gospel of John: Directed by Philip Saville. The best way for you to decide upon which Bible verse you want the most, you should look to God for guidance and wisdom. He was captured by Roman forces fighting against tribes dwelling to the west of Egypt in Cyrenaica and forced to join the Roman numerus Marmaritarum[a] ('Unit of the Marmaritae'). Copyright Aleteia SAS all rights reserved. We have the Latin edition in prose and verse of 983 by the subdeacon Walter of Speyer, Thesaurus anecdotorum novissimus (Augsburg, 1721-23), II, 27-124, and Harster, Walter von Speyer (1878). There is also speculation that St. Christopher could have also been confused with St. Menas, an Egyptian saint. Both Christopher and Menas are referred to as "Christ bearers" and are patrons of travelers. St. Christopher is the patron saint of travelers and of children. His feast day is July 25. Matthew 16:24: [2 Tim. Sign up now for the latest news and deals from Bible Gateway! [32], St. Christopher, from the Westminster Psalter, c. 1250, The earliest dated woodcut in Europe, 1423, Buxheim, with hand-colouring of Saint Christopher, Saint Christopher, c. 146070, after a lost painting by Jan van Eyck, Saint Christopher by Hans Memling, c. 1480, Saint Christopher Carrying the Christ Child by Hieronymus Bosch, c. 14901500, Saints Christopher, Jerome and Louis of Toulouse by Giovanni Bellini, 1513, St. Christopher, St. Sebastian, St. Roch by Bernardo Strozzi, early 17th century; Parish of Almenno San Salvatore, Bergamo. The names of the mentioned personalities, the consuls, of Bishop Eulalius, are known from the history of the Fourth Ecumenical Council, which met during the construction period on the same ground to which our inscription belongs (Chalcedon, 451). I have been crucified with Christ; yet I live, no longer I, but Christ lives in me; insofar as I now live in the flesh, I live by faith in the Son of God who has loved me and given himself up for me. I have been crucified with Christ; yet I live, no longer I, but Christ lives in me; insofar as I now live in the flesh, I live by faith in the Son of God who has loved me and given himself up for me. For those who might still doubt Christophers saintly status, the, the Churchs official listing of saints and, still includes the name of St. Christopher on his traditional date of July 25. Lat. Christopher pictured with a dog's head is not generally supported by the Orthodox Church, as the icon was proscribed in the 18th century by Moscow. The hermit told Christopher Almighty God, grant that we who celebrate the memory of your blessed martyr Christopher, may be made stronger in our love of you, through his intercession. His statues were placed at the entrances of churches and dwellings, and frequently at bridges; these statues and his pictures often bore the inscription: Whoever shall behold the image of St. Christopher shall not faint or fall on that day. The saint, who is one of the fourteen Holy Helpers, has been chosen as patron by Baden, by Brunswick, and by Mecklenburg, and several other cities, as well as by bookbinders, gardeners, mariners, etc. Copyright 2019 by Zondervan. .css-tadcwa:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}Philip Kosloski - @media screen and (max-width: 767px){.css-1xovt06 .date-separator{display:none;}.css-1xovt06 .date-updated{display:block;width:100%;}}published on 07/02/19. Because so little is known of Christopher, he may have been known only by his story and people gave him a name that reflected the story. The hermit promised that this service would be pleasing to Christ. The Bible brings us clarity, gives us hope, and purpose in life. At first, he believed this was the devila being feared by menbut, he eventually came to believe that Christ was the greatest of all princes. He went to the king who was reputed to be the greatest, but one day he saw the king cross himself at the mention of the devil. Numerous places are named for the saint, including Saint Christopher Island, the official name of the Caribbean island of Saint Kitts, and St. Christopher Island in Antarctica. The fact that he was frequently called a great martyr may have given rise to the story of his enormous size. Bible Verses About A Husband. There are no earlier source materials to corroborate his life, and there is no proof that he actually lived. The final level of investigation determines whether or not miracles were performed. You just have to believe in Him. search for verses not contained of the search words. [30], According to the medieval Irish Passion of St. Christopher, "This Christopher was one of the Dog-heads, a race that had the heads of dogs and ate human flesh. Songs and poetry invoke St. Christophers name at pivotal narrative moments when luck or good fortune is required. By Emily Francos Written on Apr 23, 2020. Pilgrims came from all over Europe to look at this relic until the end of 18th century when a naturalist determined it was a tooth of hippopotamus. Legends surrounding St. Christopher were uncovered and circulated between the 6th and 9th centuries. Like countless Christians over the centuries, they had a notion that Christopher was the saint of travelers and that it was good to have him around, but thatseemed to beas far as their devotion to St. Christopher extended. #4 How did he die? Without can not be used by it self, meaning that it has to be minimum one more condition included (all/at least one,etc) #11 What is his impact today? Venerated as one of the 14 Auxiliary Saints (Holy Helpers), he is the patron saint of travelers and, beginning in the 20th century, of motorists. An edition of the eleventh century is found in the Acta SS., and another in the Golden Legend of Jacob de Voragine. Psalm 119:30, "Your testimonies are very sure; Holiness adorns Your house, O Lord, forever." The simple form of the Greek and Latin passio soon gave way to more elaborate legends. [13], Christopher later visited Lycia and there comforted the Christians who were being martyred. The liturgical reading and hymns refer to his imprisonment by Decius who tempts Christopher with harlots before ordering his beheading. And in torments thou didst prove to be courageous. Isaiah 43:2, "Because of the tender mercy of our God, whereby the sunrise shall visit us from on high, to give light to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace." Since then, the tooth has been removed from the altar and forbidden to be venerated. Christopher is a Greek name that means bearing Christ or carrier of Christ.. RELATED: If You're A Christian, Can You Get A Tattoo? St. Christopher is best known as the patron saint of travelers. Christbearer).. A martyr, probably of the third century.Although St. Christopher is one of the most popular saints in the East and in the West, almost nothing certain is known about his life or death.. See additional information. In the Catholic Church, St. Christopher is remembered on July 25. Start for FREE. Here is a popular prayer to St. Christopher that invokes his intercession during our travels. He was at one point honored in all Masses but was removed from the wider church calendar soon after because his commemoration was not of Roman Catholic origin. Thanks to their partnership in our mission, we reachmore than 20 million unique users per month! Although the details of his life have been lost, in a sense we know all that we need to about Christopher: he carried Christ into the world. Learn how your comment data is processed. St. Christopher is a widely popular saint, especially revered by athletes, mariners, ferrymen, and travelers. For less than $5/mo. Coins with his image were cast at Wurzburg, in Wurtemberg, and in Bohemia. Thank you. In addition, he has been claimed as the patron saint of numerous locations around the world and is also revered by athletes, mariners, and ferrymen. Christbearer), a martyr, probably of the third century. 1 Corinthians 13:4-8, "You will not be afraid of the terror by night, Or of the arrow that flies by day." He met a hermit who instructed him in the Christian faith. 1 Timothy 6:11 love righteousness. KRISTOFOR, "Saint Christopher and Some Representations of Him in English Churches", Journal of the British Archaeological Association, "Understanding The Dog-Headed Icon of St-Christopher", "Fantastical Humans Roamed Pliny's "Natural History", "BOOK VIIMan, his Birth, his Organization, and the Invention of the Arts: Chapter 2. [3] Churches and monasteries were named after him by the 7th century. If he was given the care of the baby Jesus during his travels, wouldnt he be a perfect patron for our own adventures? Christopher is the English version of a Europe-wide name derived from the Greek name (Christophoros or Christoforos).Christopher. But it was built by the venerable chamberlain Euphemidus, and the consecration took place at the end of the fifth indiction in the month of September, on the 22nd., under the consulate of the illustrious Sporacius and Herculanus. Although scholars and theologians recognize that the story recounted by Blessed James is almost completely fictitious, we do find there a very beautiful description of St. Christopher that is an important lesson for us: Before Christopher was baptized, he was called Reprobus, meaning Outcast, but afterwards, he was called Christophorus, the Christ-bearer. He bore Christ in four ways, namely, on his shoulders when he carried him across the river, in his body by mortification, in his mind by devotion, and in his mouth by confessing Christ and preaching him.. Those who believe are transformed by the love to which they have opened their hearts in faith. But when we listen, we'll hear our Heavenly Father remind us of His unconditional love and our position in Christ. As with many early saints in the Catholic Church, there is no direct evidence for the life and ministry of St. Christopher, and many accounts are legendary and unrealistic in their portrayals of him. There is some mystery surrounding the legend of St. Christopher because, unlike many other saints, he isnt depicted in the Bible, and many details of his life have been lost his story has simply been passed down through storytelling and tradition. Originally, St. Christopher was only a martyr, and as such is recorded in the old martyrologies. It is not jealous, [love] is not pompous, it is not inflated, it is not rude, it does not seek its own interests, it is not quick-tempered, it does not brood over injury, it does not rejoice over wrongdoing.