People . Though he had risen to prominence as a geologist and mine operator, Hoover focused much of his attention on raising money, restructuring corporate organizations, and financing new ventures. ", "Journalists Margaret Hoover, Jackson Diehl Honored at Algemeiner Summer Benefit", Declassified: Untold Stories of American Spies, Presidential transition of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Birthplace and childhood home National Historic Site, Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Hoover&oldid=1148410367, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 6 April 2023, at 00:12. In response to continued attacks on his character and presidency, Hoover wrote more than two dozen books, including The Challenge to Liberty (1934), which harshly criticized Roosevelt's New Deal. [274] However, encouraged by Republican pleas and outraged by Democratic claims, Hoover entered the public fray. Hoover's work impressed his employers, and in 1898 he was promoted to junior partner. [79] Under the broad powers granted by the Food and Fuel Control Act, the Food Administration supervised food production throughout the United States, and the administration made use of its authority to buy, import, store, and sell food. When asked how he felt on reaching the milestone, Hoover replied, "Too old. January 15, 2020 by Matthew Schaefer, posted in Herbert Hoover. [260] During the 1948 presidential election, Hoover supported Republican nominee Thomas Dewey's unsuccessful campaign against Truman, but he remained on good terms with Truman. Besides his wife, Rev. By December 1933, it had been ratified by the requisite number of states to become the Twenty-first Amendment. "Herbert Hoover and the HistoriansRecent Developments: A Review Essay", Jansky Jr, C. M. "The contribution of Herbert Hoover to broadcasting. The park is in West Branch, Iowa, less than a half-mile north of exit 254 off I-80. [154], In late October 1929, the Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred, and the worldwide economy began to spiral downward into the Great Depression. In large part due to his leadership during the flood crisis, by 1928, Hoover had begun to overshadow President Coolidge himself. [222] Franklin D. Roosevelt won the presidential nomination on the fourth ballot of the 1932 Democratic National Convention, defeating the 1928 Democratic nominee, Al Smith. [129], Many wary Republican leaders cast about for an alternative candidate, such as Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon or former secretary of state Charles Evans Hughes. [8] Along the way, Hoover studied Spanish-language literature and Mandarin Chinese. target: "#hbspt-form-1682965825000-6671692034", [90] The Russian famine of 192122 claimed six million people, but the intervention of the ARA likely saved millions of lives. Born in an Iowa village in 1874, he grew up in Oregon. [285] However many of his Black contemporaries had a different view; W. E. B. [63] Hoover later stated, "I did not realize it at the moment, but on August 3, 1914, my career was over forever. [148] Lou Henry Hoover was an activist First Lady. He believed that African Americans and other races could improve themselves with education and individual initiative. [20][b] During his freshman year, he switched his major from mechanical engineering to geology after working for John Casper Branner, the chair of Stanford's geology department. Eustachie L'ESTENDARD , Raimon VII des BAUX, Ann Holyoke , Thomas Putnam, Isabeau de DAMPIERRE , John de FIENNES, Blanche De Brienne , Guillaume II De Fiennes. She typified the new woman of the postWorld War I era: intelligent, robust, and aware of multiple female possibilities. [239], During a 1938 trip to Europe, Hoover met with Adolf Hitler and stayed at Hermann Gring's hunting lodge. [165] Hoover refused to become closely involved in the congressional debate over the tariff, and Congress produced a tariff bill that raised rates for many goods. 14. Mary's brother Theodore described her as a "dark-eyed, sprightly, and lovable little sister." Truman accepted some of the recommendations of the "Hoover Commission" for eliminating waste, fraud, and inefficiency, consolidating agencies, and strengthening White House control of policy. "The Rhetoric of the Post-Presidency: Herbert Hoover's Campaign against the New Deal, 19341936". involvement. [118] Other efforts at eliminating waste included reducing labor losses from trade disputes and seasonal fluctuations, reducing industrial losses from accident and injury, and reducing the amount of crude oil spilled during extraction and shipping. Required fields are marked *. According to Professor David E. Hamilton, historians have credited Hoover for his genuine belief in voluntarism and cooperation, as well as the innovation of some of his programs. I'm sure that others share this sentiment. Hoover Grandchildren Clippings, 1931 and undated Hoover, Herbert - Correspondence, 1925, 1941-1963 Hoover, Herbert Death - Telegram from Porter, US Army, 1964 Hoover, Herbert, Jr. - Correspondence, 1954-1966 Hoover, Herbert, Jr. - Family Ephemera, 1931-1933, 1957 (White House invitations, tickets, passes, DDE inauguration) [211] Notwithstanding those actions, he wound down the Banana Wars, ending the occupation of Nicaragua and nearly bringing an end to the occupation of Haiti. [245] After the beginning of the occupation of Belgium in 1940, Hoover provided aid for Belgian civilians, though this aid was described as unnecessary by German broadcasts. [246][247], In December 1939, sympathetic Americans led by Hoover formed the Finnish Relief Fund to donate money to aid Finnish civilians and refugees after the Soviet Union had started the Winter War by attacking Finland, which had outraged Americans. Then, on October 25, he was buried in West Branch, Iowa, near his presidential library and birthplace on the grounds of the Herbert Hoover National Historic Site. A 2018 poll of the American Political Science Association's Presidents and Executive Politics section ranked Hoover as the 36th best president. "[64] By early October 1914, Hoover's organization had distributed relief to at least 40,000 Americans. Du Bois described him as an "undemocratic racist who saw blacks as a species of 'sub-men'". [22] She has been profiled in The Advocate as "exactly the brand of straight ally we need right now". Hoover Jr. died on July 9, 1969 at his home in Pasadena, California after suffering from a stroke. [236], Only 58 when he left office, Hoover held out hope for another term as president throughout the 1930s. Herbert had one brother and one sister. Herbert Hoover was born on August 10, 1874, in Iowa to Jesse Hoover and Hulda Randall Minthorn. Jesse's blacksmith had grown to be very successful, and in 1878, Jesse Hoover sold the practice to open a farm implement store on the corner of Main and Downey Streets. [268], Hoover wrote several books during his retirement, including The Ordeal of Woodrow Wilson, in which he strongly defended Wilson's actions at the Paris Peace Conference. Allan Hoover (1938-2013). by White River Now April 28, 2023 Born on March 20, 1929, in a dogtrot house in Timbo, Herbert Hoover Gilbert was the youngest of eight children born to Eual Oscar and Ollie Eva Woody Gilbert. Acting on behalf of President Coolidge, Hoover gave his first Armistice Day address in 1924 to the American Legion, two years before Congress officially named November 11th Armistice Day. For almost 6 months, the three children lived at the White House. [9] Hoover's father, noted by the local paper for his "pleasant, sunshiny disposition", died in 1880 at the age of 34 of a sudden heart attack. Over the objection of many economists, Hoover signed the SmootHawley Tariff Act into law in June 1930. Do you have any record of the grandkids visiting the Camp? [218], Thousands of World War I veterans and their families demonstrated and camped out in Washington, DC, during June 1932, calling for immediate payment of bonuses that had been promised by the World War Adjusted Compensation Act in 1924; the terms of the act called for payment of the bonuses in 1945. [271], Hoover faced three major illnesses during the last two years of his life, including an August 1962 operation in which a growth on his large intestine was removed. For other uses, see, "President Hoover" redirects here. 3 children. [38] In May 2019, The Algemeiner named Hoover its Journalist of the Year for her work on Firing Line. [58], Though his Quaker upbringing strongly influenced his career, Hoover rarely attended Quaker meetings during his adult life. With the U.S. mobilizing for war, President Wilson appointed Hoover to head the U.S. Food Administration, which was charged with ensuring the nation's food needs during the war. [13] She also worked as a staffer on Capitol Hill for Congressman Mario Daz-Balart, and as Advisor to the Deputy Secretary at the Department of Homeland Security. [294], Hoover was inducted into the Australian Prospectors and Miners' Hall of Fame in the category Directors and Management.[295]. The second solution was to gain the reputation of a humanitarian, deeply concerned with the world's troubles, such as famine in Belgium, as well as specific American problems which he had solved as food commissioner during the world war. [170] A series of bank failures in late 1930 heralded a larger collapse of the economy in 1931. Mrs. Claus made a surprise appearance and accepted the presents on behalf of Santa Claus, who was working hard but could not, by himself, take care of all the deserving little boys and girls. [206] Hoover had hoped that the commission's public report would buttress his stance in favor of Prohibition, but the report criticized the enforcement of the Volstead Act and noted the growing public opposition to Prohibition. Please try again. Glendale, CA 91202 Phone: (818) 242-6801 Fax: (818) 247-8825 Principal: Dr. Jennifer Earl Office Hours: 7:30 AM-4:00 PM. [132] Hoover accepted the nomination at Stanford Stadium, telling a huge crowd that he would continue the policies of the Harding and Coolidge administrations. When the Hoover Administration ended in 1933, the kids furniture was put into storage and eventually sold off or given away years later. ", Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Regulation of radio broadcast in the United States, Temporary Emergency Relief Administration, Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms, Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms, American and British occupation zones of Germany, Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government, United States presidential line of succession, traditional tea for the wives of congressmen, National Archives and Records Administration, "RANKED: Historians Don't Think Much of These Five U.S. Presidents", "Column: President spent days of his boyhood only 90 miles away", "National Park Service The Presidents (Herbert Hoover)", "One-sided numbers dominate Saturday's rivalry games", "Herbert Hoover, the graduate: Have Stanford degree, will travel", "Herbert Hoover: Life Before the Presidency", How the U.S. saved a starving Soviet Russia: PBS film highlights Stanford scholar's research on the 192123 famine, "Program Practices of Television Networks", 'Robert Moton and the Colored Advisory Commission', "Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution", "When New President Meets Old, It's Not Always Pretty", "The Great Humanitarian: Herbert Hoover's Food Relief Efforts", "The Marshall Plan at 60: The General's Successful War on Poverty", "National Press Club Luncheon Speakers, Herbert Hoover, March 10, 1954", "Former Presidents: Federal Pension and Retirement Benefits", "Hoover Marks 90th Year Today; Predicts New Gains for Nation Because of Its Freedoms", "Herbert Hoover Is Dead; Ex-President, 90, Served Country in Varied Fields", "Harry Truman and Herbert Hoover: An Unlikely Friendship", "The Record-Setting Ex-Presidency of Jimmy Carter", "How Does Trump Stack Up Against the Best and Worst Presidents? [119] His "Own Your Own Home" campaign was a collaboration to promote ownership of single-family dwellings, with groups such as the Better Houses in America movement, the Architects' Small House Service Bureau, and the Home Modernizing Bureau. [56], During his senior year at Stanford, Hoover became smitten with a classmate named Lou Henry, though his financial situation precluded marriage at that time. He strongly criticized Roosevelt's foreign policy and New Deal domestic agenda. June 8, 2022 by Matthew Schaefer, posted in Herbert Hoover. Hoover's attempts at regulating radio were not supported by all congressmen, and he received much opposition from the Senate and from radio station owners. He initially sought to avoid committing to any party in the 1920 election, hoping that either of the two major parties would draft him for president at their national conventions. Afterwards, Hoover's wife, Lou Henry Hoover, who had been buried in Palo Alto, California, following her death in 1944, was re-interred beside him. [46] By 1914, Hoover was a very wealthy man, with an estimated personal fortune of $4 million (equivalent to $108.21million in 2021). Hoover has been memorialized in the names of several things, including the Hoover Dam on the Colorado River and numerous elementary, middle, and high schools across the United States. Herbert Hoover grew up in a Quaker family and community that valued peace, simplicity, integrity, and service to others. 11/06/1928 (31-1928-35) Download Print. Government projects such as the building of the Hoover Dam did little to aid the problem. The Hoovers came from Miami County, Ohio, and the Minthorns from Canada. He encouraged the development of emergency landing fields, required all runways to be equipped with lights and radio beams, and encouraged farmers to make use of planes for crop dusting. Peggy Ann and Peter, with help from the First Lady and her staff, hosted a Christmas party for 128 Washington DC children, ages 3 through 11. [241] After the September 1939 invasion of Poland by Germany, Hoover opposed U.S. involvement in World War II, including the Lend-Lease policy. Britannica Quiz [204], On taking office, Hoover urged Americans to obey the Eighteenth Amendment and the Volstead Act, which had established Prohibition across the United States. By then Hoover had solved his image problem, and during his 1928 campaign he successfully squelched attacks that alleged he was too close to British interests. Van Ness Hoover Leavitt (1907-1992), married to Dorothy Juanita Berry, Patricia Agnes Rheinschild. September 16, 2020 by Spencer Howard, posted in Herbert Hoover, Presidency. "Hoover and the Indians: the Case for Continuity in Federal Indian Policy, 19001933". [29] In April 2018, it was announced she would host Firing Line. "[85] Reflecting the gratitude of many Europeans, in July 1922, Soviet author Maxim Gorky told Hoover that "your help will enter history as a unique, gigantic achievement, worthy of the greatest glory, which will long remain in the memory of millions of Russians whom you have saved from death". "[284], Racist remarks and racial humor was common at the time, but Hoover never indulged in them while President and deliberate discrimination was anathema to him; he thought of himself as a friend to Blacks and an advocate for their progress. Another School Year Comes to an End. Hoover and his family moved to Stone County in 1967. House. [84] The United States Food Administration became the American Relief Administration (ARA), and Hoover was charged with providing food to Central and Eastern Europe. It is a tragedy. May 18, 2022 by Spencer Howard, posted in Herbert Hoover. There are a surprising number of Hoovers and Hoover families in the United States, many of whom are entirely . Their youngest son, Allan, had just graduated from Stanford University and was still single when his father became President, but, their older son, Herbert Jr., and his wife, Margaret Watson Hoover, already had two children and welcomed a third into the world during the Hoover Presidency. MacArthur, believing he was fighting a Communist revolution, chose to clear out the camp with military force. Also located at Stanford is the Hoover Institution, a think tank and research institution started by Hoover. [256], Even more important, in 1947 Truman appointed Hoover to lead the Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government a new high level study. Herbert Hoover High School 651 Glenwood Rd. [240] He expressed dismay at the persecution of Jews in Germany and believed that Hitler was mad, but did not present a threat to the U.S. He recruited numerous academics from various fields and tasked them with publishing reports on different aspects of the economy, including steel production and films. Louise Brooke Hoover (1908-1985), married to Ernest Dunbar, Harold Fouts, Kenneth Stevenson, William Hauselt. Nevertheless, during Hoover's term, the world order established in the immediate aftermath of World War I began to crumble. Date Released The building was constructed on a 60-acre tract owned by Fred Bunting. He authored numerous works and became increasingly conservative in retirement. [29][30], Hoover traveled constantly across the Outback to evaluate and manage the company's mines. [59][60] Hoover and his wife had two children: Herbert Hoover Jr. (born in 1903) and Allan Henry Hoover (born in 1907). [196] Hoover further alienated black leaders by nominating conservative Southern judge John J. Parker to the Supreme Court; Parker's nomination ultimately failed in the Senate due to opposition from the NAACP and organized labor. After the war, Hoover led the American Relief Administration, which provided food to the starving millions in Central and Eastern Europe, especially Russia. We do not know if they solved the mystery of the White House bear, but a good time was had by all. Fearing the imminent collapse of the Chinese government, the director of the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company agreed to establish a new Sino-British venture with Bewick. He married his Stanford sweetheart, Lou Henry, and. Menu. [85] He also established the European Children's Fund, which provided relief to fifteen million children across fourteen countries. [86] Throughout the Paris Peace Conference, Hoover served as a close adviser to President Wilson, and he largely shared Wilson's goals of establishing the League of Nations, settling borders on the basis of self-determination, and refraining from inflicting a harsh punishment on the defeated Central Powers. [137], Hoover maintained polling leads throughout the 1928 campaign, and he decisively defeated Smith on election day, taking 58 percent of the popular vote and 444 of the 531 electoral votes. He worked with bankers and the savings and loan industry to promote the new long-term home mortgage, which dramatically stimulated home construction. [124] He did so with the cooperation of African-American leader Robert Russa Moton, who was promised unprecedented influence once Hoover became president. [192], Hoover seldom mentioned civil rights while he was president. "Legacies Versus Politics: Herbert Hoover, Partisan Conflict, and the Symbolic Appeal of Associationalism in the 1920s. [33] Hoover brought in many Italian immigrants to cut costs and counter the labour movement of the Australian miners. [210] As president, Hoover largely made good on his pledge made prior to assuming office not to interfere in Latin America's internal affairs. [220], By mid-1931 few observers thought that Hoover had much hope of winning a second term in the midst of the ongoing economic crisis. Two minor planets, 932 Hooveria[288] and 1363 Herberta, are named in his honor. The Hoover family celebrating Christmas in Palo Alto, California. [113] He also established the federal government's power to inspect planes and license pilots, setting a precedent for the later Federal Aviation Administration. [235] He closely followed national events after leaving public office, becoming a constant critic of Franklin Roosevelt. Hoover described the New Deal's National Recovery Administration and Agricultural Adjustment Administration as "fascistic", and he called the 1933 Banking Act a "move to gigantic socialism". [9], After graduating from college, Hoover moved to Taipei where she got her first job as a research assistant and editor in a Taiwanese law firm; she arrived on the day of the September 11 attacks. [208] In January 1933, a constitutional amendment repealing the Eighteenth Amendment was approved by Congress and submitted to the states for ratification. [126] Along with the rest of the nation, he was surprised when Coolidge announced in August 1927 that he would not seek another term. He felt that his grandchildren, like any of his personal affairs, were not for public view. [269] In 1944, he began working on Freedom Betrayed, which he often referred to as his "magnum opus". On March 12, 1870, Jesse Hoover, son of Eli and Mary Davis Hoover, married Hulda Minthorn, daughter of Theodore and Mary Wasley Minthorn. Margaret Ann Hoover (born 1926-2011). ", Arnold, Peri E. "The 'Great Engineer' as Administrator: Herbert Hoover and Modern Bureaucracy. The Hoover family reading early election returns at their Palo Alto home on Stanford campus in CA. [70] He also convinced British Chancellor of the Exchequer David Lloyd George to allow individuals to send money to the people of Belgium, thereby lessening workload of the CRB. [261] Hoover favored the United Nations in principle, but he opposed granting membership to the Soviet Union and other Communist states. An historical field guide. Herbert Clark Hoover was born on August 10, 1874, in West Branch, Iowa-the first U.S. president to be born west of the Mississippi River. Mrs. Hoover had been busy preparing for their arrival, furnishing three bedrooms and a playroom in the attic of the White House. [187] As these measures failed to stem the economic crisis, Hoover signed the Emergency Relief and Construction Act, a $2 billion public works bill, in July 1932. Christmas 1931 had a somber tone as much of the country was suffering under the effects of the Great Depression. Like most other citizens of West Branch, Jesse and Hulda were Quakers. . The American auto industry consumed 70% of the world's output, but British investors controlled much of the supply. He donated all the files of the Commission for Relief in Belgium, the U.S. Food Administration, and the American Relief Administration, and pledged $50,000 as an endowment (equivalent to $781,478 in 2021). Hoover, Herbert, Jr. (3G 4A 5C 6B 7A), 1928-1972 (picture of Meredith) Hoover, Allan Henry (3G 4A 5C 6B 7B), 1964-1966 Leavitt, Mary (May)Hoover (3G 4A 5C 6B 7C), 1895-1975 2J Hoover, Susannah and Descendants, 1975-1977 and undated 2K Hoover, David and Descendants, 1964-1980 and undated 7 2L Hoover, Peter and Descendants [40] They have a son, Jack, born in 2013, and a daughter, Toula Lou, born in 2015.[41][42]. [107] He endorsed much of Mellon's tax reduction program, but favored a more progressive tax system and opposed the treasury secretary's efforts to eliminate the estate tax. He became famous as his country's "food czar". [117], With the goal of encouraging wise business investments, Hoover made the Commerce Department a clearinghouse of information. [122] Believing that disaster response was not the domain of the federal government, Coolidge initially refused to become involved, but he eventually acceded to political pressure and appointed Hoover to chair a special committee to help the region. [65], The German invasion of Belgium in August 1914 set off a food crisis in Belgium, which relied heavily on food imports. [200] Many of the deportations were overseen by state and local authorities who acted on the encouragement of the Hoover Administration. Since 2012, she has been a political contributor at CNN. Hoover had six grandchildren- they are Margaret Ann Hoover (born 1926). [31] He convinced Bewick to purchase the Sons of Gwalia gold mine, which proved to be one of the most successful mines in the region. The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library Association, 1967 (out of print). [41], In this role, Hoover continually traveled the world on behalf of Bewick, visiting mines operated by the company on different continents. "[273] At the time of his death, Hoover had been out of office for over 31 years (11,553 days all together). [20][21] Hoover is an advocate for gay rights, including gay marriage, arguing that individual freedom and marriage are conservative values. [212], Hoover placed a priority on disarmament, which he hoped would allow the United States to shift money from the military to domestic needs. Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933. After the company lost a lawsuit Hoover began looking for a way to get out of the partnership, and he sold his shares in mid-1908. After she cabled back her acceptance of the proposal, Hoover briefly returned to the United States for their wedding. [225] Prohibition was increasingly unpopular and wets offered the argument that states and localities needed the tax money. [47], He co-founded the Zinc Corporation to extract zinc near the Australian city of Broken Hill, New South Wales. It cannot be done unless we exterminate or move 25,000,000 people out of it. These policies were dubbed "Hooverizing" by government publicists, in spite of Hoover's continual orders that publicity should not mention him by name. Hoover's wartime service made him a favorite of many progressives, and he unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination in the 1920 presidential election. Hoover sent U.S. Army forces led by General Douglas MacArthur to the protests. [103] In response to the Depression of 192021, he convinced Harding to assemble a presidential commission on unemployment, which encouraged local governments to engage in countercyclical infrastructure spending. The Hoover family, Allan, Herbert, Lou and Herbert Jr., visit the birth place of Herbert Hoover in West Branch, IA. Hoover . The Democrats attacked Hoover as the cause of the Great Depression, and for being indifferent to the suffering of millions. Herbert "Pete" Hoover III (1927-2010). [190] The act increased taxes across the board, rolling back much of the tax cut reduction program Mellon had presided over during the 1920s. Plain Township, Stark County, OH, United States. [133] The Democrats nominated New York governor Al Smith, who became the first Catholic major party nominee for president. Sally, as she was known then to her family and friends, and family moved to . [221] The Republican expectations were so bleak that Hoover faced no serious opposition for re-nomination at the 1932 Republican National Convention. [24], Hoover is opposed to Donald Trump. in West Branch, Iowa, USA , United States, Died on October 20, 1964 [252], Following World War II, Hoover befriended President Harry S. Truman despite their ideological differences. [27] In the branded segment "Culture Warrior", she jousted with O'Reilly on a range of topics from entertainment news to popular culture to Hollywood and politics. Allan Henry Hoover (1907-1993), married 1937 to Margaret Coberly (1911-2009). Hoover leaves behind to cherish his memory his son Timothy (Rusty Moe) and Herbert, Jr. (Zindy Taylor); his grandchildren Ryan (Lillian Bayley) Hoover of Baltimore,. 3 children Allan. ", Polsky, Andrew J., and Olesya Tkacheva. This article is about the president of the United States. [243] He rejected Roosevelt's offers to help coordinate relief in Europe,[244] but, with the help of old friends from the CRB, helped establish the Commission for Polish Relief. [42], After leaving Bewick, Moreing, Hoover worked as a London-based independent mining consultant and financier. Peggy Ann, Joan and Peter Hoover at the White House, December 1930.